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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) - Svalbard (2005)
Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) z Svalbard (2005)
| Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) | Svalbard (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK) | - |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004)
15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish | - |
| Airports | 8 (2001) | 4 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 5
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002) |
total: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 430 sq km
land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 62,049 sq km
land: 62,049 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island) |
| Area - comparative | 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than West Virginia |
| Background | The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. | First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory. |
| Birth rate | 24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues: $47 million
expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.) |
revenues: $11.5 million
expenditures: $11.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.) |
| Capital | Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) | Longyearbyen |
| Climate | tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry | arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year |
| Coastline | 389 km | 3,587 km |
| Constitution | introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 | - |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen) |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | - |
| Death rate | 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $NA | - |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | - |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | - |
| Disputes - international | none | despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone |
| Economic aid - recipient | $4.1 million (1997) (1997) | $8.2 million from Norway (1998) |
| Economy - overview | The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. | Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox. |
| Electricity - consumption | 4.65 million kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - production | 5 million kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Blue Hills 49 m |
lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater | NA |
| Ethnic groups | black | Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998) |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)
head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor |
chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)
head of government: Governor Odd Olsen INGERO (since 8 June 2001) and Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since NA) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice |
| Exports | $13.7 million (1999) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells | - |
| Exports - partners | US, UK | - |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | - |
| Flag description | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus | the flag of Norway is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
- |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | 8.7% (1999 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 21 45 N, 71 35 W | 78 00 N, 20 00 E |
| Geography - note | about 40 islands (eight inhabited) | northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area |
| Highways | total: 121 km
paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000) |
total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
- |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe | - |
| Imports | $175.6 million (1999) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials | - |
| Imports - partners | US, UK | - |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (territory of Norway) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | - |
| Industries | tourism, offshore financial services | - |
| Infant mortality rate | 17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4% (1995) (1995) | - |
| International organization participation | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 14 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | - |
| Labor force | 4,848 (1990 est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 2.33%
permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2001) |
| Languages | English (official) | Norwegian, Russian |
| Legal system | based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4 |
- |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 73.76 years
male: 71.59 years female: 76.03 years (2002 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas | Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | Arctic Region |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 4 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920 |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) | NA |
| Nationality | noun: none
adjective: none |
- |
| Natural hazards | frequent hurricanes | ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic |
| Natural resources | spiny lobster, conch | coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish |
| Net migration rate | 12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| People - note | destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US | - |
| Political parties and leaders | People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] | - |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | - |
| Population | 18,738 (July 2002 est.) | 2,701 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
| Population growth rate | 3.28% (2002 est.) | -0.02% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Grand Turk, Providenciales | Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 8,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990) | - |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
NA% |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services
domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment: probably adequate
domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 3,000 (1994) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1994) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) | NA |
| Terrain | low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps | wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts |
| Total fertility rate | 3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 10% (1997 est.) | - |
| Waterways | none | - |
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